International Board of Certified Lactation Consultant (IBCLC) Practice Exam

The correct answer is myoepithelial cells because these specialized cells are situated between the basement membrane and the epithelial cells of the mammary alveoli. They play a crucial role in lactation by contracting in response to the hormone oxytocin, which is released during breastfeeding. This contraction helps to expel milk from the alveoli into the ducts, facilitating milk delivery to the infant. Their ability to contract is essential for effective breastfeeding, ensuring that the infant receives an adequate supply of milk.

Lactocytes, on the other hand, are the epithelial cells that line the alveoli and are responsible for milk production but do not have a contractile function. Adipocytes are fat cells that store energy and do not contribute to milk ejection. Goblet cells are specialized for secreting mucus and are not relevant in the context of lactation and the expulsion of milk from the breast. Thus, the role of myoepithelial cells is vital in the lactation process, specifically in the milk ejection reflex.